Free Dementia Care Resources at Local Libraries

Takeaways

• Libraries nationwide are becoming valuable, free resources for people living with dementia and their caregivers, offering support beyond traditional books.

• Key offerings often include memory kits, educational courses on caregiving and well-being, and memory cafés.

• Many libraries are adopting “dementia-friendly” practices, including specialized staff training and accessible physical spaces, to better serve this community.

While local libraries are best known for their books, many are expanding their role to meet evolving community needs, including support for people affected by dementia. According to Columbia University, one in 10 Americans aged 65 and older is living with dementia, and an additional 22 percent have mild cognitive impairment. In response, many libraries across the country are working to make free, practical dementia care resources more widely available.

People living with dementia, along with their loved ones and caregivers, can increasingly turn to their local library for support. Offerings may include memory kits, educational courses, and programs tailored to their needs. Some libraries also host memory cafés – free or low-cost social gatherings that provide a welcoming space for people with dementia to connect with others.

Memory Kits

Memory kits are curated collections of materials designed to engage people living with dementia, often in partnership with their caregivers. Using familiar and sensory-based objects, these kits are intended to help stimulate the mind, spark memories, start conversations, and provide comfort.

Public libraries may offer memory kits as part of their “Library of Things” – collections of nonbook items available to borrow, much like traditional library books. While the contents of each kit can vary, the shared goal is to support meaningful engagement for people with dementia and those who care for them. Some kits focus on gentle cognitive stimulation, while others aim to encourage reminiscence.

Kits intended for mental engagement may include items like easy-to-read calendars, fidget toys, flash cards, music players, tactile objects, and simple puzzles. Reminiscence-focused kits can often center on a certain decade, such as the 1950s, or a familiar theme, like pets, that could interest and engage older adults and prompt memories.

For example, the Ohio County Public Library in Wheeling, West Virginia, has memory kits organized around specific themes, including the Great Outdoors, the 1950s, Patriotic USA, and Cats. Each kit includes a DVD and flash cards. The cat-themed kit contains a plush animal, which could provide comfort while helping to spark memories and conversation.

Courses and Programming

Many local libraries also offer programs and courses designed to support people living with dementia as well as their caregivers. These offerings often address both practical concerns and emotional well-being, helping families navigate the challenges of dementia with greater confidence.

The Westmont Public Library in Illinois, for example, coordinates programs for people with dementia, their caregivers, and others. Program topics include home safety and alternative care options, caregiver well-being, and strategies for meaningfully engaging a loved one with dementia.

Memory Cafés

Memory cafés are another type of program that libraries may host. These gatherings are designed to create a welcoming, engaging environment where people with dementia and their caregivers and family members can socialize in a relaxed, supportive setting. Along with coffee and tea, the cafés may feature themed spaces – such as an “under the sea” motif – or activities like trivia or arts and crafts.

Most memory café meetings last one to two hours and typically include both structured programming and informal social time. Activities may involve music, dance, yoga, arts, storytelling, or history. Because these events are intended to be person-focused, attendees are not expected or required to discuss their diagnosis or medical details.

Dementia Friendly America has a directory of memory cafés, which can be found in libraries as well as other community settings, such as senior centers.

Additional Library Resources for Dementia

Across the country, libraries are working to expand support, inclusion, and resources for people living with dementia and their caregivers. Library staff may undergo training, such as through Dementia Friend America, to better serve patrons with cognitive impairment. Dementia-friendly libraries aim to create welcoming, inclusive environments.

To learn more about the dementia-related resources available at your local library, visit its website or speak with a librarian. While some materials, like memory kits, may require a library card to borrow, other resources, including courses, special programming, and memory cafes, are often open to the public, even if you do not belong to the library. Interlibrary loan programs may also make it possible to borrow materials from partnering libraries. Visit your library to learn more about what resources are available in your community.

In addition, you may want to check out the following articles:

• Studies Show Shingles Vaccine May Reduce Risk of Developing Dementia

• What’s the Difference Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia?

• The Benefits of Memory Care

• Resources for Caregivers of Older Adults With Dementia

Nancy Guthrie's Disappearance: Keeping Older Adults Safe

Takeaways

• The disappearance of Nancy Guthrie highlights the tension between an older adult's desire to “age in place” and an adult child’s concern for their safety.

• Families can support the independence of their aging loved ones while reducing risk through practical steps, including creating check-in protocols, protecting against financial scams, and maintaining open conversations about safety.

The recent disappearance of Nancy Guthrie from her home in Catalina Foothills, Arizona, has highlighted the difficult balancing act many families face: older adults’ strong desire to remain in their own homes and their adult children’s equally strong desire to keep them safe. While cases like this are rare, they underscore a broader reality: older adults living on their own can be more susceptible to scams, fraud, and delayed assistance if something goes wrong.

For many older adults, staying at home is about far more than convenience. However, for their children, safety risks, especially when a frightening event makes headlines, can be impossible to ignore.

Why Older Adults Want to Age in Place

Most seniors say they want to “age in place,” or remain in their own homes and communities as they grow older.

Home represents independence. After decades of making their own decisions, managing households, and raising families, many older adults are reluctant to give up control over their daily routines. Moving to a facility or even to their adult child’s home can feel like a loss of autonomy.

Home is also filled with memories. The house where someone raised children, celebrated holidays, or cared for a spouse can carry deep emotional meaning. Leaving it can feel like losing part of one’s identity.

In addition, familiarity supports well-being. Knowing where everything is, recognizing neighbors, and being comfortable in a long-standing community can reduce stress and anxiety. Many older adults value their community connections, such as friends, faith communities, local shops, and doctors. Staying put allows them to maintain those social ties. For people experiencing mild cognitive changes, familiar surroundings can be especially important.

Cost is often an important factor as well. Assisted living and other long-term care settings can be expensive. Remaining at home, especially if the mortgage is paid off, may feel like the more financially sustainable choice.

Why Adult Children Worry About Their Parents

While older adults may be focused on the positives of staying in their homes, their adult children often see risks their parents may downplay.

• Safety is a primary concern. High-profile crimes against older adults can heighten fears about vulnerability. Adult children may worry about scams, financial exploitation, or physical harm.

• Falls are another major concern. Falls are the leading cause of injury and death among older adults. A fall can result in a hospital stay or a permanent decline in health or mobility.

• Medical emergencies also weigh heavily on families. Adult children may wonder: What if Mom falls and can’t reach the phone? What if Dad has a stroke and no one notices for hours?

• Isolation is another issue. Living alone can increase the risk of loneliness and depression. Adult children may worry that their parents are not getting enough social interaction or help with daily tasks.

• Cognitive changes can further complicate matters. Even mild memory problems can make managing medications, finances, or household maintenance more difficult, and potentially dangerous.

When these concerns are combined with a frightening news story, it can intensify family discussions about whether an older adult should continue living independently.

Ways to Make a Home Safer and Ease Family Concerns

Fortunately, aging in place and safety are not mutually exclusive. Many practical steps can reduce risks and provide reassurance to concerned family members. In addition to reducing fall hazards throughout the home to make it a safer environment for aging loved ones, consider some other proactive measures.

• Install security features. A monitored security system, doorbell camera, or smart locks can increase safety and peace of mind. Some systems allow adult children to receive alerts if something unusual happens. Outdoor lighting and trimmed landscaping can also improve visibility.

• Use medical alert systems. Personal emergency response systems, such as wearable pendants or watches with emergency buttons, allow older adults to call for help quickly. Some devices include automatic fall detection.

• Simplify the layout. If possible, move essential living spaces to one floor to minimize stair use. Rearrange furniture to create clear walking paths.

• Address medication management. Use pill organizers or automatic dispensers to ensure medications are taken correctly. Some devices can send reminders or notifications to family members.

• Stay socially connected. Regular visits with neighbors, friends, or family members can reduce isolation. Community programs, senior centers, and faith groups can also help older adults stay engaged.

• Establish a check-in protocol. Beyond staying socially connected, designate one or two trusted contacts who know the senior’s routines. Set regular check-in times, such as a daily text or weekly call, and create a plan for what to do if a check-in is missed.

• Vet and monitor in-home help. If a senior receives assistance from caregivers, housekeepers, or others, use licensed, bonded, and insured agencies. Avoid sharing personal details, such as daily routines, unless necessary.

• Connect with local law enforcement or community programs. Many police departments offer senior safety registries or welfare check services. Reach out to your local Area Agency on Aging to see what options are available.

• Protect personal and home security information. Avoid posting real-time location data on social media. Consider using a P.O. Box to prevent identity theft. Keep spare keys in controlled, documented locations, not hidden outdoors.

• Plan for emergencies. Create an emergency plan that includes a list of medications, doctors, and emergency contacts. Post important numbers in an easily visible place. Consider sharing a spare key or installing a lockbox for emergency access.

Protecting Older Adults From Scams and Fraud

Financial scams are one of the fastest-growing threats to older adults living on their own. Criminals often target seniors because they may have substantial savings, own their homes, and tend to be trusting. However, families can take practical steps to reduce risk.

Encourage skepticism about unsolicited calls, emails, and text messages. Older adults should never provide personal information, Social Security numbers, bank account details, or Medicare numbers to unexpected contacts.

Set up call-blocking services and register phone numbers with the National Do Not Call Registry. Though this will not stop all scams, it can reduce unwanted solicitations.

Review bank and credit card statements regularly. Consider setting up account alerts that notify a trusted family member of large or unusual transactions.

Freeze credit reports with the major credit bureaus to prevent fraudulent new accounts from being opened.

Talk openly about common scams, including impersonation scams (where someone pretends to be a government official or relative in distress), tech support scams, and romance scams. Ongoing conversations help reduce embarrassment and make it more likely that an older adult will report suspicious activity.

Consider adding a trusted person to financial accounts. Many banks and investment firms allow customers to name someone the institution can contact if financial exploitation is suspected.

Above all, create an environment where older adults feel comfortable asking, “Does this seem legitimate to you?” without fear of losing their independence.

Have Open Conversations

Perhaps most importantly, families should talk openly and respectfully about concerns. Instead of framing the discussion as “You can’t live alone anymore,” it may be more productive to say, “How can we make your home safer so you can stay here longer?”

When older adults feel heard and included in the decision-making process, they are more likely to consider practical safety upgrades. Adult children, in turn, may feel reassured knowing concrete steps have been taken.

The desire to remain at home is deeply human. So is the instinct to protect a loved one. With thoughtful planning, honest communication, and practical home modifications, many families can find a middle ground of supporting independence while reducing risk.

Additional Reading

• Home Safety for Aging in Place: A Guide for Older Adults

• In-Home Senior Care Technology and Elder Law

• Getting Help When Providing Care at Home for Aging Parents

• Is an Independent Living Facility Right for Me?

What We Know So Far About the New Medicaid Work Requirements

Takeaways

• A new federal law passed in 2025 requires most low-income adults (ages 19–64) on Medicaid to start meeting work or community engagement requirements (like working, volunteering, or going to school) to keep their health coverage, starting by January 1, 2027.

• To stay eligible, adults must document at least 80 hours per month of qualifying activities. Reporting this information will be required at least every six months, and possibly more often depending on the state.

• Many groups are exempt from these new rules, including those over 65, those who are dually eligible for Medicare, veterans with disabilities, and most caregivers of young or disabled dependents.

• Critics worry that the new reporting and paperwork requirements will cause tens of thousands of people to lose coverage, especially older adults (ages 50–64) who may already face barriers like chronic health conditions or age discrimination.

In 2025, Congress passed a sweeping federal spending and budget law known widely as the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (officially H.R. 1), which included major changes to the Medicaid health insurance program. Among the most significant new policies are national work requirements for Medicaid enrollees. States are required to implement the work requirements by January 1, 2027, but states can roll out implementation earlier.

Although some states, such as Georgia and Arkansas, have implemented Medicaid work requirements, this is the first time such requirements are being introduced at this scale. Previous implementations of Medicaid work requirements led to large-scale coverage losses and administrative burdens.

Under this new law, most low-income adults on Medicaid will need to show that they are participating in community engagement activities, such as working, volunteering, going to school, or participating in job-related programs, to keep their health coverage. Individuals who fail to meet the work requirements and who are not exempt from the requirements will also be disqualified from receiving marketplace subsidies on health insurance.

The nationwide Medicaid work requirements have sparked recent discussions among advocates of older adults, including nonprofit Justice in Aging, which recently hosted a webinar focused on how these rules will be applied and the risks they pose to people who rely on Medicaid.

Who Will Be Required to Participate

The new work requirements generally apply to most adult Medicaid enrollees who are between the ages of 19 and 64 and who do not meet work requirement exemptions. To stay eligible for Medicaid, these adults will need to document that they meet a minimum of 80 hours per month of qualifying activities such as:

• Paid work

• Community service or volunteering

• Job training programs

• Half-time or greater enrollment in school

• Or some combination of these activities

The new law requires Medicaid enrollees to comply with work requirements at least one month prior to enrollment or redetermination. (Note that states can require compliance up to three months prior to enrollment.)

The law also requires Medicaid enrollees to report their compliance at least as often as when they go through the redetermination or renewal process. This used to be once each year but is now required at least every six months. However, states can require enrollees to submit their renewals or redeterminations more frequently, even monthly.

Who Is Exempt From the New Rules?

The law and current guidance include several exemptions. Medicaid recipients who qualify for an exemption will not need to meet or report any work or engagement hours.

Mandatory Federal Exemptions

Some groups of people are generally excluded from meeting work requirements, such as:

• Individuals receiving Medicaid for pregnancy or postpartum coverage

• Those who are under age 19 or over age 65

• People who are also enrolled in, or are entitled to, Medicare (referred to as dually eligible)

• Medicaid enrollees who are aged, blind, disabled, or who have a serious or complex medical condition

• Parents, guardians, caretaker relatives, and family caregivers of a disabled individual or dependent child who is 13 years old or younger

• Foster care and former foster care youth under the age of 26

• Disabled veterans with a total disability rating

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services provides more information on who is eligible for Medicaid.

Optional or State-Level Hardship Exemptions

States may provide short-term hardship exceptions for individuals facing special circumstances, such as:

• Receiving care in a hospital, nursing facility, psychiatric facility, or other intensive care setting

• Residing in counties with an unemployment rate higher than 8 percent or 1.5 times the national unemployment rate

• Living in a federally declared disaster area

• Having to travel outside their community for medical care, either for themselves or their dependent, to treat a serious or complex condition for an extended period

What This Could Mean for People With Medicaid

Supporters of the work rules argue they can encourage engagement and align Medicaid with other benefit programs. However, advocates and health policy analysts, including those at Justice in Aging, warn that:

• These rules could lead to coverage loss if people miss reporting deadlines or paperwork requirements.

• Administrative burdens and verification systems may be inconsistent across states.

• Evidence from prior work requirement implementations suggests that more people lose coverage because of technical violations rather than for lack of work.

Since adults aged 50 to 64 are more likely than younger adults to have chronic conditions and caregiving responsibilities, they are more likely to have trouble holding down a job. But they are more likely to need consistent health coverage.

The new Medicaid work requirements are likely to hit these older adults especially hard, as they may be unable to handle physically demanding work they could do when they were younger. Some of these older adults may also face education or technology barriers or age discrimination when trying to reenter the workforce.

Though there is a range of exemptions, qualifying for them could prove to be a barrier for some due to the vagueness of some parts of the law. For example, individuals who are deemed “medically frail” can be exempt from the work requirements; however, it is not clear which disabilities and conditions qualify as medically frail.

According to the AARP, a handful of states have implemented Medicaid work requirements in the past. In these states, tens of thousands of people either lost coverage or were projected to lose coverage because the administrative hurdles were so great.

Don’t risk a loss of coverage: Understanding the new work requirements and keeping precise records is essential for people enrolled in Medicaid to navigate these upcoming changes safely. To seek out further guidance, contact your state Medicaid agency.

Additional Reading

For additional reading on topics related to Medicaid, check out the following articles:

• What to Do If You Lose Your Medicaid Coverage

• How Gifts Can Affect Medicaid Eligibility

• Medicaid Expansion: What Might It Mean for You?

Digital Tools to Protect Older Adults From Financial Abuse

Takeaways

• Financial abuse of older adults is increasingly digital and results in billions of dollars in losses annually.

• Digital tools such as password managers and two-factor authentication, which are often already built into phones, email, and financial accounts, can help actively prevent, detect, and respond to this abuse.

• The most effective protection combines technology with education, making it easier for older adults to remain independent while staying safe.

Older adults lose billions of dollars each year to financial abuse and exploitation. In 2025, adults aged 60 and older in the United States reported $2.4 billion in losses to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), per CNBC. Because so many incidents go unreported, the FTC estimates that the actual cost of elder financial abuse and exploitation is likely much higher.

Today, financial exploitation happens quietly – and digitally. Instead of stolen checks or forged signatures, abuse may involve compromised passwords, unauthorized online account access, or highly convincing phone calls or emails designed to pressure an older adult into sending money.

The same digital tools that scammers exploit, however, can also help prevent, detect, and respond to financial elder abuse. From password managers to account monitoring services, practical digital protections can help reduce risk of financial abuse while allowing older adults to maintain their independence.

Below are some of the most useful tools older adults and their caregivers may want to consider.

1. Passwords and Password Managers

Passwords remain a first line of defense for financial accounts, email, and devices like computers and phones. If someone gains access to an older adult’s email or smartphone, they may also gain access to bank accounts, retirement funds, or saved payment information.

Strong passwords matter; however, managing them can be unrealistic for many people. Weak or reused passwords are common because they are easy to remember. For example, “123456,” which has been used more than 4.5 million times, only takes 1 second to guess, according to CBS.

That’s where password managers come in. A password manager is a secure app that creates, stores, and fills in strong passwords for you. Instead of remembering dozens of passwords, you remember one master password or can unlock the app using a fingerprint or facial recognition.

Many phones and computers already include built-in password managers, and standalone options are also widely available. For older adults, password managers can:

• reduce memory burden

• prevent password reuse across accounts

• make it easier to update compromised passwords quickly

For caregivers, password managers can also provide shared or emergency access, allowing a trusted person to help the older adult without knowing their every password.

Use a password manager for your financial accounts, email, and any account that can reset other passwords, such as an Apple ID or Google account.

2. Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

Two-factor authentication (2FA) goes a step further. In addition to a password, the user must confirm their identity in a second way, such as:

• a one-time code sent to a phone

• a prompt on a trusted device

• a biometric identifier like a fingerprint or facial recognition

Most financial institutions and email providers already offer two-factor authentication, but it is often optional. For older adults, 2FA can be particularly beneficial because it protects accounts even if a password has been stolen. In addition, biometric options reduce the need to remember additional information. Alerts can also notify users of login attempts they didn’t initiate.

Consider turning on 2FA for banking, email, retirement, and payment accounts, and ask financial institutions what backup options are available if a phone or device is lost.

3. Screening Scam Calls, Texts, and Emails

Many seniors are inundated with scam calls, text messages, and emails. The average American receives about 100 scam messages a week, according to Talker Research. As artificial intelligence (AI) improves, these scams are becoming not only more convincing but also more difficult to spot at a glance.

Some phones, email providers, and third-party apps now use AI-powered screening tools to reduce exposure to scams. Examples include:

• call screening features that answer unknown calls, ask questions, and transcribe responses

• spam and phishing filters that flag suspicious emails or messages before they are opened

• scam detection alerts that alert users about likely fraud

These tools don’t eliminate scams entirely, but they can dramatically reduce interruptions and prevent impulsive responses.

Note that AI-generated voice scams, such as calls that imitate a loved one asking for money, can bypass technical defenses. For these situations, experts recommend behavioral safeguards, such as hanging up and calling the person back using a known number.

Enable call screening and spam filtering on phones and email accounts, and consider creating a simple “pause and verify” rule for urgent financial requests.

4. Monitoring and Trusted Oversight Services

For older adults who want extra protection or who already rely on a trusted individual to help with managing finances, comprehensive monitoring services can provide early warnings of suspicious activity.

Some services, such as EverSafe, are specifically designed for seniors and monitor:

• bank and credit card accounts for unusual transactions

• credit reports for unauthorized accounts

• changes to real estate titles or liens

• email accounts for scam or phishing messages  

A key feature of many services is the ability to designate a trusted advocate, such as a family member, caregiver, or professional. The older adult controls what information the advocate can see, helping balance oversight with autonomy.

Other identity protection services, while not designed specifically for seniors, may offer:

• credit monitoring

• antivirus software

• scam call detection

• Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)

• built-in password managers

These tools can be particularly helpful as an early warning system when paired with an engaged caregiver.

When considering monitoring services, review costs, privacy settings, and alert options carefully.

Education Still Matters

Technology works best when paired with education. Understanding common scams can help older adults recognize red flags and use protective tools more effectively. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) offers free, downloadable resources that explain how to recognize and prevent financial exploitation. These materials can help older adults and caregivers decide which protections to prioritize and when to seek help.

Financial exploitation of older adults is increasingly digital – but prevention can be, too. Practical tools like password managers, 2FA, scam screening, and account monitoring can help reduce risk without sacrificing independence.

No single tool is foolproof, but used together, and combined with education and trusted support, these digital protections can make it significantly harder for scammers or bad actors to succeed.

A Guide to the SSI and SSDI Appeals Process for Older Adults

Takeaways

• A denial of Supplemental Security Income or Social Security Disability Insurance benefits is common and not final. Many denials are overturned through the appeals process.

• Older adults may have better odds of success on appeal by acting quickly, gathering detailed medical evidence, and clearly explaining their functional limitations and work history.

Receiving a denial for Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits can feel discouraging, especially for older adults who may already be dealing with health challenges, reduced income, or caregiving responsibilities. The good news is that a denial is not the end of the road. Many people who are initially denied benefits are later approved through the appeals process.

Understanding how appeals work and acting quickly can significantly improve your chances of success.

Understanding SSI and SSDI

Although SSI and SSDI are both administered by the Social Security Administration (SSA), they serve different purposes. SSI is a needs-based program for people with limited income and resources who are age 65 or older, blind, or disabled.

SSDI is an insurance program for people who have worked and paid Social Security taxes but can no longer work because of a qualifying disability. Being eligible for SSDI does not depend on your income or assets.

Each provides eligible recipients with a modest monthly benefits amount. The appeals process is similar for both programs.

Why Applications Are Often Denied

Initial denials are common. Some frequent reasons include:

• Insufficient medical evidence

• Failure to show that a condition meets the SSA’s definition of a disability

• Income or asset limits exceeded (for SSI)

• Incomplete paperwork or missed deadlines

• SSA determination that the applicant can still perform some type of work

A denial does not mean the SSA believes you are not disabled or do not need help; it often means the documentation didn’t clearly support the claim.

The Four Levels of Appeal

If you receive a denial, you generally have 60 days from the date on the notice to file your appeal. Missing this deadline could mean having to start over.

Request for Reconsideration

At this first stage, the disability agency does a second review of your claim. You may submit new medical records or updated information. Many claims are still denied at this stage, but it is a necessary step to move forward.

Hearing Before an Administrative Law Judge

Older adults often have the best chance of success with their appeal at this stage. You can explain your condition in your own words. Medical and vocational experts may testify. Judges may be inclined to take age, work history, and limitations more fully into account.

For older applicants, especially those over age 50, SSA rules may be more favorable if medical conditions limit the ability to transition to new types of work.

Appeals Council Review

If the judge denies your claim, you can ask the SSA’s Appeals Council to review the decision. The council may uphold the decision, reverse it, or send it back for another hearing.

Federal Court Review

As a last resort, you may file a lawsuit in federal court. A judge reviews whether the SSA properly applied the law. You do not typically introduce new evidence at this stage. Given the complex legal nature of this step, it is a good idea to get legal representation.

Strengthening an Appeal

Older adults may be able to improve their chances by focusing on the following:

• Detailed medical records. Include diagnoses, test results, treatment notes, and statements from doctors explaining functional limitations.

• Consistency. Make sure your medical records, application, and testimony tell the same story.

• Functional limitations. Explain how your condition affects daily activities such as walking, standing, concentrating, or using your hands.

• Work history. Clearly describe why your disability prevents you from performing past work or adjusting to new work.

Should You Get Help?

Many applicants choose to work with disability attorneys, nonattorney disability representatives, legal aid organizations, or other advocacy groups. Most of these types of representatives work on a contingency basis, meaning they are only paid if you win, and fees are capped by federal law. Having representation can be especially helpful at the hearing stage.

Special Considerations for Older Adults

The SSA considers age as part of its disability evaluation. Applicants over 50, and especially those over 55, may have an easier time arguing that their disability and age limit their ability to retrain or adapt to new work. This makes appeals particularly important for older adults who may have been initially denied despite serious health conditions.

Don’t Give Up

Appealing an SSI or SSDI denial can be a long and frustrating process, but persistence matters. Many successful claims are approved only after one or more appeals. If your disability limits your ability to work and meet basic needs, it is often worth continuing the process. Understanding your rights, meeting deadlines, and gathering strong evidence can make all the difference.

Additional Reading

For additional reading on topics related to SSI and SSDI, check out the following articles:

• Potential Changes to SSDI Benefits May Affect Older Adults

• I Am 63 Years Old and Receive SSI. Am I Able to Get SSDI?

• How to Apply for SSI

• How Do You Qualify for Social Security Disability Benefits?

• Get Social Security Benefits by Check? Prepare for Change

• Qualifying for SSI Benefits After a Transfer of Assets

Questions to Ask a Financial Planner About Long-Term Care

Takeaways

• The need for long-term care is common, but proactive planning is rare. Nearly 70 percent of people turning 65 will need some form of long-term care in their later years. Yet most individuals — even those concerned about costs — fail to discuss it with a financial professional or fully plan for expenses not covered by Medicare.

• Take proactive steps now. Start by assessing your current financial goals, understanding the expected cost of care in your area, and exploring options like long-term care insurance, Medicaid eligibility, and estate planning with a qualified professional.

Recent research findings highlight widespread concerns about long-term care planning. In October 2025, Lincoln Financial’s Consumer Sentiments Tracker found that a staggering 82 percent of people surveyed said they are concerned about paying for long-term care for themselves or a family member. Almost half (42 percent) said they were highly concerned.

While most people said they worried about affording long-term care, few took steps to discuss this with a financial planner. Only 21 percent said they have talked to a financial planner about long-term care planning, while just 14 percent discussed long-term care insurance, and 7 percent discussed elder care planning. For those 55 and older, only 10 percent had an in-depth consultation with a financial professional about handling medical expenses, and nearly half (47 percent) said they had not broached the subject at all.

These findings shine light on the need for those concerned about long-term care planning to take action.

At the same time, the need for long-term care is far more common than many people realize. According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, almost 70 percent of people turning 65 today will need some form of long-term care services in their remaining years. This widespread need highlights a crucial gap: because many individuals underestimate the likelihood of needing long-term care, they often fail to initiate proactive financial planning conversations with a professional.

Whether you choose to work with a professional or simply take steps to think things through on your own, it can be helpful to ask a financial advisor questions about how long-term care might fit into your financial planning.

Choosing the Right Advisor

As you seek out a financial planning expert, it is important to consider the different types of financial planners and their qualifications.

Anyone can call themselves a financial planner, so it is vital to look at their certifications. According to Investopedia, the gold standard of certifications are Certified Financial Planners (CFP) and Chartered Financial Analysts (CFA). Accredited accountants are known as Certified Public Accountants (CPAs).

Licensed elder law attorneys can also offer advice on strategies for long-term care planning that may help you afford care while also protecting your assets.

Questions to Ask

Once you have identified a trusted advisor, the following questions can help you learn more about financial planning for long-term care. These questions can also be starting points for your own research.

• How much is long-term care expected to cost in your state? The Federal Long-Term Care Insurance Program’s Cost of Care Tool reveals the estimated cost of different types of care across the United States. It shows the average daily costs for home care, assisted living, and nursing home care. The tool also includes estimates for future costs, reflecting inflation, for up to the year 2086.
   

• How much should I save for retirement? While a common general rule is to save 10 to 15 percent of your income for retirement, how much you should save may depend on your age, expenses, and personal goals and considerations. The USAA Educational Foundation offers a tool to help people estimate how much they need to save for retirement.
  
  Notably, an individual may expect to spend $165,000 on health care expenses in retirement, according to estimates from Fidelity. However, that estimate does not include long-term care costs. The median cost of a private nursing home in the U.S. today is more than $10,500 per month. At the same time, many people mistakenly assume that Medicare will cover long-term care, when in fact it does not.
  
  This shows why planning for long-term care costs beyond basic retirement planning is so important, particularly as costs for this type of care are rising every year.
   

• Where should I put my savings?
   

• What types of retirement accounts do I already have (e.g., 401(k), individual retirement account (IRA))? Should I consider any additional accounts or investment strategies?
   

• How much will I receive from a pension and/or Social Security?
   

• Do I anticipate trying to qualify for needs-based government assistance like Supplemental Security Income (SSI) or Medicaid?
   

• What are the potential financial and tax implications if I provide financial support to a loved one who receives government benefits such as Medicaid?
   

• What long-term care insurance options are available to me? How much do different types of policies cost and what do they cover? Here, CNBC lists its top long-term care insurance companies.

4 Steps to Take

Most seniors will need long-term care in their later years. If you are concerned about how you will pay for it, you can take steps to prepare, whether you work with a certified financial planner or other professional.

1. First, take stock of your finances. Review how much you have saved for retirement and how much you plan to save. A CFA or CFP can help with this; research and interview several to see who the best fit for you would be.
    

2. Consider the type of care you would ideally like to receive and how much it is expected to cost. Do you want to put aside more money to cover these costs? Do you have long-term care insurance, or do you plan to rely on Medicaid?
    

3. For those with low income and assets, review your public benefits eligibility. Medicaid can help cover the cost of a nursing home, and SSI may also provide support for housing if you have limited savings and income.
    

4. Finally, engaging in estate planning can help you prepare for long-term care decisions as well as costs. An estate planning or elder law attorney can help you create a plan to support your retirement and your legacy while also ensuring that your wishes are honored.

Note that local legal aid organizations may provide estate planning services to low-income older adults at low or no cost.

Related Reading

• Durable Power of Attorney: A Key Estate Planning Document

• Why You Need a Health Care Proxy

• What a Good Long-Term Care Insurance Policy Should Include

Some Older Adults May Qualify for a New $6,000 Tax Break

Takeaways

• A new, temporary federal tax deduction of up to $6,000 is available annually for taxpayers age 65 and older from 2025 through 2028.

• This deduction is an addition to the standard deduction and may help lower your taxable income, potentially reducing your tax bill by hundreds of dollars, depending on your tax bracket.

• Seniors, whether working or retired, may qualify, and in married couples where both spouses are 65+, both may be eligible for the deduction.

As of the 2025 tax year, many older Americans may realize a new tax benefit thanks to a provision in the One Big Beautiful Bill Act. The law, signed in July 2025, created a new annual tax deduction of up to $6,000 for taxpayers age 65 and older. Though the deduction is currently scheduled to expire at the end of 2028, it could provide some tax relief for millions of seniors while it is in effect.

Understanding how this deduction works, who qualifies, and how it fits into the broader tax landscape can help older adults plan ahead and avoid surprises at tax time.

What Is the $6,000 Senior Deduction?

The new provision allows eligible taxpayers who are 65 or older to deduct up to $6,000 from their taxable income each year. A deduction reduces the amount of income that is subject to federal income tax, which can lower a person’s overall tax bill.

This deduction is in addition to the standard deduction and is separate from other age-related tax benefits that already exist in the tax code. In other words, it does not replace the existing extra standard deduction for older adults; it layers on top of it, offering further relief. The deduction applies for tax years 2025 through 2028, unless Congress acts to extend it.

Keep in mind that this benefit is a deduction, not a tax credit. A deduction reduces the income subject to tax, whereas a credit directly reduces the amount of taxes owed, making the $6,000 deduction’s value dependent on your tax bracket.

Who Is Eligible?

To qualify for the deduction, a taxpayer must:

• Be 65 years old or older by the end of the tax year

• File a federal income tax return

• Have taxable income against which the deduction can be applied

Note that the deduction begins to phase out for single taxpayers with modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) over $75,000 (or $150,000 for joint filers). In other words, once a taxpayer’s MAGI exceeds these limits, the amount they can claim as a deduction gradually decreases until it is eliminated entirely.

Both single and married taxpayers may qualify. In married couples where both spouses are 65 or older, each spouse may be eligible for the deduction, potentially allowing a larger combined deduction.

The deduction is not limited to retirees. Older adults who are still working, self-employed, or receiving a mix of wages, Social Security benefits, and retirement income may all benefit, depending on their circumstances.

How Much Will It Save?

The actual dollar value of the deduction depends on a person’s tax bracket. The deduction does not provide a flat $6,000 refund; instead, it lowers the income on which taxes are calculated.

For example:

• Someone in the 12 percent tax bracket could save about $720 in federal taxes

• Someone in the 22 percent bracket could save about $1,320

• Someone in the 24 percent bracket could save about $1,440

For older adults living on fixed incomes, even modest tax savings can help offset the rising costs for essentials such as housing, utilities, food, and health care.

For married couples where both spouses qualify, the potential combined deduction of up to $12,000 significantly amplifies the savings. This combined effect can be especially beneficial for those managing higher expenses or whose income pushes them into a higher tax bracket.

Why Was This Deduction Created?

Many retirees rely on monthly Social Security payments, pensions, and retirement savings. However, these income sources often struggle to keep pace with inflation, especially for health care and long-term care expenses.

For example, a U.S. resident retiring in 2025 would need to have more than $172,000 saved to cover health care expenses alone, which is a 4.5 percent increase from the year prior, according to a study by Fidelity. At the same time, the Senior Citizens League states that the purchasing power of Social Security benefits has dropped by about 20 percent since 2010. In other words, Social Security benefits are now worth about 80 cents for every dollar now than they were worth in 2010.

This new deduction is intended to:

• Provide targeted tax relief to older adults

• Recognize the higher cost burdens that often come with aging

• Help seniors retain more of their income during retirement

Unlike some tax benefits that are tied to specific expenses, this deduction is flexible, allowing individuals to decide how best to use the savings.

How Does the Deduction Interact With Social Security Taxes?

Older adults may wonder whether the deduction affects the taxation

Do Medicare Benefits Cover Skilled Nursing Care?

Takeaways

• Medicare Part A covers short-term, medically necessary skilled nursing facility care if you meet specific requirements.

• Medicare limits this coverage to a maximum of 100 days per benefit period. The patient pays increasing coinsurance after day 20.

• Medicare does not cover long-term or custodial care.

Choosing the right kind of posthospital care under Medicare’s rules can be confusing. The nonprofit Medicare Rights Center recently offered a webinar explaining some of the basics on Medicare and skilled nursing facility (SNF) care. The webinar addressed common questions about who qualifies for Medicare-covered SNF care, what services Medicare covers, and how much Medicare recipients may need to pay out of pocket.

Understanding Medicare’s rules for SNF care is useful for older adults, people with disabilities, and family caregivers, particularly because confusion about SNF coverage can lead to unexpected bills.

What Is Skilled Nursing Facility Care?

Skilled nursing facility care is short-term, medically necessary care provided in a licensed facility following a hospital stay. SNFs offer a higher level of care than custodial nursing homes or assisted living communities. The care must be provided by, or under the supervision of, licensed medical professionals such as registered nurses (RNs) or physical therapists.

Common reasons someone might need SNF care include:

• Recovery after surgery

• Rehabilitation following a stroke or serious illness

• Wound care or IV therapy

• Physical, occupational, or speech therapy

• Monitoring and treatment of complex medical conditions

SNF care is designed to help individuals recover and regain function so they can safely return home or to a lower level of care.

When Does Medicare Cover SNF Care?

Medicare Part A (hospital insurance) covers skilled nursing facility care only if specific conditions are met. To qualify for Medicare-covered SNF care, the Medicare recipient generally must meet each of the following requirements:

• A qualifying inpatient hospital stay. The person must have been admitted to a hospital as an inpatient for at least three consecutive days, not counting the day of discharge. Time spent in the hospital under “observation status” does not count toward this requirement.

• Admission to the SNF shortly after hospital discharge. The SNF stay usually must begin within 30 days of leaving the hospital.

• A medical need for skilled care. The care must be medically necessary and require skilled services, such as daily nursing care or rehabilitation therapy that can only be provided by trained professionals.

• A Medicare-certified skilled nursing facility. The facility must be certified by Medicare.

If these criteria are met, Medicare Part A may help pay for SNF care on a limited, short-term basis.

What Services Does Medicare Cover in a SNF?

When Medicare covers SNF care, it generally includes:

• A semi-private room

• Meals

• Skilled nursing services

• Physical, occupational, and speech therapy

• Medical supplies and equipment used during care

• Qualifying medications related to the SNF stay

• Ambulance transportation to the nearest provider of necessary services if other modes of transportation would pose a health risk

When Does Medicare Not Cover SNF Care?

In some situations, Medicare will not cover skilled nursing facility care.

Medicare does not cover:

• Long-term or custodial care, such as help with bathing, dressing, or eating when no skilled medical care is required

• SNF stays that do not follow a qualifying three-day inpatient hospital admission

• Care in facilities that are not Medicare-certified

• Continued SNF care once the patient no longer needs skilled services

How Much Does SNF Care Cost Under Medicare?

Medicare-covered SNF care is limited to up to 100 days per benefit period, and costs depend on how long a person stays.

• Days 1 to 20: Medicare Part A pays the full approved cost.

• Days 21 to 100: Part A covers part of the cost. The patient pays a coinsurance, which will be $217 per day in 2026.

• After day 100: The patient pays all the costs of their SNF care.

Medigap (Medicare Supplement) plans may cover some or all the daily coinsurance for days 21 to 100, depending on the plan.

Why Understanding SNF Coverage Matters

Confusion about SNF coverage can lead to financial strain and difficult decisions during an already stressful time. Many people assume Medicare will cover a stay in a skilled nursing facility indefinitely, when in reality, coverage is limited and tied strictly to skilled medical needs.

Before a hospital discharge, patients and caregivers should ask:

• Was the hospital stay at least three consecutive days and classified as inpatient rather than observation?

• Does the recommended skilled nursing facility provide Medicare-certified SNF care?

• What services will be considered “skilled,” and for how long?

• What happens when Medicare coverage ends?

Getting Help Navigating SNF Care

Medicare patients and their caregivers should ask questions early and seek counseling when needed. Free, unbiased assistance is available through Medicare.gov, State Health Insurance Assistance Programs (SHIPs), Medicare Rights’ helpline, and other consumer advocacy organizations.

Additional Reading

For additional reading on topics related to Medicare and SNF care, check out the following articles:

• Medicare Coverage Basics: What You Need to Know

• What You Should Know About Long-Term Care

• Know Your Options Before You Enroll in a Medicare Plan

• Skilled Nursing vs. Nursing Homes: What’s the Difference?

• Medicare’s Different Treatment of the Two Main Post-Hospital Care Options

Looking for Long-Term Care?

Takeaways

• Choosing a nursing home can be daunting, but rating systems like the U.S. News & World Report’s Best Nursing Homes of 2026 can serve as a starting point.

• A thorough search requires looking beyond rankings to assess quality of care, staff consistency, and facility transparency.

Realizing that you or a loved one needs to move into a nursing home can be stressful. Just the process of looking for the right facility can seem daunting. You want to make sure the facility you choose is a good place and will offer the necessary care, safety, and comfort.

Many factors come into play when searching for the right nursing home, such as staffing, quality of care, cost, and location. With all the factors to consider and all the options, it can be hard to choose. However, there are resources available, one of which is U.S. News & World Report’s annual nursing home ratings report.

Last month, U.S. News & World Report unveiled its Best Nursing Homes of 2026 ratings report, which analyzed data for nearly 15,000 nursing homes. For these rankings, U.S. News & World Report made their study more comprehensive by expanding their quality metrics from nine to 19 for short-term rehabilitation facilities and from eight to 17 for long-term care facilities.

Key Findings of the 2026 Report

Some of the key findings from the report include:

• Fewer than 19 percent of the nearly 15,000 facilities reviewed earned a “Best Nursing Home” designation in the categories of short-term rehabilitation, long-term care, or both.

• On average, the top-rated nursing homes (those designated “Best”):

  • provide 20 percent more total staffing per resident per day than the national average

  • offer 80 percent more physical therapy per resident per day in their rehab units than the national average

  • achieve a 15 percent lower rate of hospitalizations among long-term residents compared with national norms

  • have a 33 percent lower rate of emergency room visits for rehab patients at the highest-performing skilled nursing facilities

Beyond the Rankings: Key Considerations When Looking for a Nursing Home

When looking for the nursing home that is the right fit for your loved one, consider rankings together with the following:

Resident-Centered Care and Quality of Life

Look beyond clinical metrics to assess the emotional and social environment of the facility. A top-tier nursing home prioritizes the residents’ individuality and dignity.

• Engagement and activity. Are there varied daily activities that cater to different interests? Is there evidence of genuine resident participation and enjoyment?

• Personalized schedules. Do residents have a choice in their daily routine, such as when they wake up, eat, or bathe, or is everything strictly scheduled by the facility?

• Integration with the community. Does the home foster connections with the local community, such as through volunteer programs, outings, or intergenerational visits?

Staff-Resident Interaction and Retention

The relationship between residents and staff is paramount. High staff retention often correlates with better quality of care.

• Observation of interaction. During a visit, observe how staff members speak to and interact with residents. Is the tone they use respectful, warm, and patient?

• Staff consistency. Ask about the facility’s staff turnover rates. A stable, familiar team of caregivers is crucial for building trust and ensuring consistent, quality care.

• Response time. Note how quickly and attentively staff respond to resident requests or calls for assistance.

Transparency and Communication

An excellent facility maintains open and proactive communication with residents and their families.

• Family involvement. Is the facility welcoming to family visits and participation in care planning?

• Grievance process. Is there a clear, accessible, and well-publicized process for residents or families to voice concerns without fear of retaliation?

• Financial clarity. Ensure that the billing and service agreements are transparent and easy to understand, outlining all potential costs and what is included in the daily rate.

Structuring Your Search for the Ideal Nursing Home

Phase 1: Prescreening and Vetting

Start by narrowing your list based on essential criteria before conducting any in-person visits.

• Define your loved one’s needs. Determine the level of care required and the necessary financial structure (Medicare, Medicaid, private pay).

• Filter your list according to ratings. Use the U.S. News and Medicare’s Nursing Home Compare rankings to eliminate any facilities with consistently low ratings or serious, recent violations.

• Review each facility’s deficiencies. Thoroughly read the state’s inspection reports. Note the frequency and severity of deficiencies, paying special attention to those related to harm or abuse.

Phase 2: In-Person Visit and Observation

Once you have a shortlist of potential facilities, schedule an in-person visit. Ideally, make one planned visit and one unannounced visit.

• Observe mealtime at the facility. This is a crucial time to assess the quality of food, the level of assistance residents receive, and the overall social environment.

• Tour resident rooms if possible. Check for cleanliness, personalization, and a comfortable temperature. Note if call lights are answered promptly.

• Interview key staff at the facility. Speak with the director of nursing, the administrator, and a few certified nursing assistants if you can. Ask specific questions about emergency protocols and staff-to-resident ratios on different shifts.

Phase 3: Final Decision and Contract Review

Before signing, ensure all logistical and legal elements are clear.

• Review the admission contract. Carefully read the small print, especially regarding involuntary discharge policies, payment expectations, and any arbitration agreements. Consider having an elder law attorney review this document.

• Conduct a trial stay (if applicable). If the resident is moving from a hospital or rehab, a short-term stay can serve as a trial run before committing to long-term residency.

• Establish a communication plan. Before moving in, formalize a schedule for care conferences and set clear expectations for how and when the family will receive updates on your loved one’s health and well-being.

Resources to Use When Choosing a Nursing Home

Several nursing homes options may be available in your area, so choosing the right one may feel overwhelming. However, in addition to U.S. News & World Report’s annual nursing home ratings report, consider other rating systems to help you make a more informed decision.

• Medicare’s Your Guide to Choosing a Nursing Home. This is a helpful booklet published by Medicare that explains what to ask, how to compare facilities, and where to find data.

• State health departments. Many states maintain databases of nursing home inspection reports and licensing status.

• Ombudsman programs. Long-term care ombudsmen advocate for residents’ rights and can suggest local nursing homes or help with complaints.

• Local aging services agencies. Nonprofits, Area Agencies on Aging, or senior resource centers can guide families in touring and evaluating options.

Choosing a nursing home is an important personal choice, and what’s best depends on each individual’s needs, goals, and financial situation. After doing your research, start visiting your top choices. If you are looking for a nursing home or assisted living facility for yourself, bring a trusted friend or family member with you to provide an objective view of the facility.

Additional Reading

For additional reading on topics related to nursing homes and long-term care, check out the following articles:

• What Are Nursing Home Residents’ Rights?

• Which Should I Choose? Nursing Home Care vs. Hospice Care

• Discussing Long-Term Care With Older Adults in Your Life

• Activities of Daily Living and the Need for Long-Term Care

• What a Good Long-Term Care Insurance Policy Should Include

• Older Adults Lack Information in Search for Long-Term Care Services

Giving to Grandkids? Consider Gift Tax, 529 Plans, and More

Takeaways

• Grandparents should clarify whether financial assistance for their grandkids is a gift or a loan.

• Consider 529 plans for education funding to ensure fairness and tax benefits.

• Grandparents should also ensure their own financial security, especially regarding potential long-term care costs.

Grandparents often are particularly generous to grandchildren as they see their family’s legacy continuing to the next generation. In many cases, grandparents feel they have ample resources while their children or grandchildren may be struggling financially.

Assistance with summer camp fees, college tuition, wedding costs, or the down payment on a first home can permit grandchildren to take advantage of opportunities that otherwise would be out of reach. Some grandparents also don’t feel it’s right that children and grandchildren should need to wait for an inheritance, when they have more than they need.

Helping out family members is to be encouraged but can raise numerous legal issues involving taxes and eligibility for public benefits, as well as questions of fairness among family members. Here are six issues grandparents should consider before making gifts to loved ones:

Is It a Gift or a Loan?

Does the grandparent expect anything in return? Do they want the funds repaid or is the money an advance on the grandchild’s eventual inheritance? Either way, this should be made clear, preferably in writing, whether in a letter that goes with the check or, in the case of a loan, a formal promissory note.

Is Everyone Being Treated Equally?

Not every grandchild has the same financial needs. At the same time, grandparents may not feel equally close to all their grandchildren. While it’s the grandparent’s money and they can do what they want with it, if they’re not treating all their grandchildren equally, they might want to consider whether unequal generosity will create resentment within the family.

Many elder law clients say that what they do with their money during their lives is their business. They may help out some children and grandchildren more than others based on need, with the expectation that this will be kept private. They may then opt to treat all their children equally in their estate plan.

Beware Taxable Gifts

Any gift to an individual in excess of $19,000 (in 2025) per year must be reported to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on a gift tax return via Form 709. Two grandparents together can give up to $38,000 per recipient per year (as of 2025) with no reporting requirement. Note that there’s no limit or reporting requirement for payments made directly to medical and educational institutions for health care expenses and tuition for other individuals.

529 Plans

Many grandparents want to help pay higher education tuition for their grandchildren, especially given the incredibly high cost of undergraduate and graduate school today. But perhaps not all your grandchildren are the same age, making it difficult to make sure that they all receive the same level of assistance from you. Some grandchildren may still be in diapers while others are getting their doctorates.

One potential solution is to fund 529 accounts for each grandchild. These are special accounts that grow tax deferred, with the income and growth never taxed as long as the funds are used for higher education expenses.

Don’t Be Too Generous

Grandparents need to make sure that they keep enough money to pay for their own needs. While small gifts probably won’t make any difference one way or another, too many large gifts can quickly deplete a lifetime of scrimping and saving. It won’t do the family much good if a grandparent is just scraping by because they’ve done too much to support their children or grandchildren.

Consider the Need for Long-Term Care

To be certain that they’ve kept enough of their own savings, grandparents need to consider the possibility of needing care. Whether they stay at home in their later years or move into assisted living or a nursing home, long-term care is more expensive than ever before. In fact, the annual median cost of in-home care with a home health aide in the United States was nearly $80,000 in 2024.

In addition, those seniors who can’t afford to pay for such care from their own funds need to be aware that any gift can make them ineligible for Medicaid benefits for the following five years.

What Else to Keep in Mind

Each family situation has its own unique dynamics, so there may likely be other issues to consider. For example, you might not trust your grandchildren to spend a gift wisely. Or, your gifts may undermine the parents’ plans for your grandchild.

In some instances, grandparents may want to consider “incentive” trusts, which provide that the funds will be distributed when grandchildren reach certain milestones, such as graduating from college or holding down a job. Communication with the middle generation can be key to making certain that gifts achieve the best results for all concerned.

Related Articles

• Congress Considering Full Repeal of the Estate Tax

• IRS Announces 2025 Gift and Estate Tax Exemptions